Applied Feed Science

  When we speak about Total Aflatoxin , it consists of Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 & G2. Although , four of them are toxic and not desirable at all. In the specific context of milk and dairy cow, Afla B1 is of great importance.   Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is formed in animals that have ingested feed or milk contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). AFB1 is a type of mycotoxin produced by certain strains of Aspergillus fungi, and it can contaminate crops such as maize, peanuts, and tree nuts. When animals consume feed or milk contaminated with AFB1, their liver metabolizes it into AFM1, which is then excreted in their milk. This means that dairy products such as milk and cheese can become contaminated with AFM1 if the cows producing the milk have ingested AFB1-contaminated feed. AFM1 is considered a potential human carcinogen and can have negative health effects on humans, particularly children, who consume contaminated dairy products. For this reason, many countries have established maxim...

  Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for pets, just as it is for humans. It plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy bones and teeth, regulating the immune system, and promoting overall health and well-being. Here are some of the important functions of vitamin D in pets: Bone health: Vitamin D helps regulate calcium and phosphorus levels in the body, which are crucial for the development and maintenance of healthy bones and teeth. Without enough vitamin D, pets may be at risk of developing bone disorders such as rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis. Immune system: Vitamin D also plays a vital role in regulating the immune system, helping pets to fight off infections and illnesses. It has been shown to enhance the activity of certain immune cells, and deficiency of vitamin D has been linked to an increased risk of infectious diseases. Muscle function: Vitamin D is also important for proper muscle function, and deficiency can lead to muscle weakness and poor coordination. Overa...